Braak stage 1, 100% of pigmented neurons left
parkinsonconnecting

Gene record

ACHE

acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)

translation score 0.50, read 2026-10-27; 3 sealed predictions, 0 held; 15 receipts.

Six readers

readerfoundscore
genetics
Open Targets
no genetic evidence; overall 0.62 from other evidence0.00
cell type
Human Protein Atlas
cell type enhanced, including other brain neurons; strongest in enterocytes0.75
chemistry
Open Targets
compounds already reach it: benzgalantamine, galantamine, propanidid +291.00
trials
ClinicalTrials.gov
427 Parkinson's trials, 4 stopped0.94
literature
PubMed
391 Parkinson's papers of 24,4090.21
pathways
Reactome
3 pathways; mostly dopamine synapse1.00

No case: the score is under the bar. Receipt 11451

Earlier readings: 2026-10-26 0.50; 2026-10-25 0.50; 2026-10-24 0.50; 2026-10-23 0.50.

Sealed predictions

  1. ACHE in dopamine neurons, braak+0.13 (p 0.732) → +0.31 (p 0.414)receipt 0544
  2. ACHE in dopamine neurons, resilience+0.36 (p 0.316) → +0.39 (p 0.107)receipt 0062
  3. ACHE in dopamine neurons, braak-0.19 (p 0.231) → +0.02 (p 0.917)receipt 0061

Swarm cases

receipt 0544: ACHE in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample +0.18 (p 0.465, n 18), 95% CI -0.31 to +0.60. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.17 (p 0.493, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.05 (p 0.854); controlling for it: -0.05 (p 0.834, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.09 to +0.33, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors +0.18 (p 0.465, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for ACHE in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

receipt 0062: ACHE in dopamine neurons, resilience

power
full sample +0.34 (p 0.081, n 55), 95% CI +0.09 to +0.56. the interval excludes zero: something may be there, smaller than a half can see.
confounder
adjusted for age, sex and PMI: +0.36 (p 0.064, n 55). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.12 (p 0.542); controlling for it: +0.37 (p 0.061, n 55). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.28 to +0.46, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors +0.31 (p 0.125, n 46). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "differs in resilient donors (Lewy pathology, no parkinsonism)" for ACHE in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

receipt 0061: ACHE in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample -0.09 (p 0.393, n 84), 95% CI -0.30 to +0.12. the interval sits on zero: probably nothing there.
confounder
adjusted for age, sex and PMI: -0.11 (p 0.306, n 84). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis -0.72 (p 1.8e-14); controlling for it: -0.13 (p 0.224, n 84). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range -0.12 to -0.06, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors -0.01 (p 0.948, n 75). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for ACHE in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

Receipts

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