Braak stage 1, 100% of pigmented neurons left
parkinsonconnecting

Gene record

UBE2D1

ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 D1

translation score 0.55, read 2026-10-20; 1 sealed predictions, 0 held; 1 receipts.

Six readers

readerfoundscore
genetics
Open Targets
genetic association 0.10 (overall 0.06)0.10
cell type
Human Protein Atlas
expressed broadly, no clear home in brain cells0.40
chemistry
Open Targets
a small-molecule pocket0.60
trials
ClinicalTrials.gov
no Parkinson's trials on record: an open field1.00
literature
PubMed
2 Parkinson's papers of 910.85
pathways
Reactome
37 pathways; mostly protein handling0.90
proposal for UBE2D1, translation score 0.55

Knock down and overexpress UBE2D1 in a dopamine neuron, astrocyte and microglia tri-culture; measure proteasome activity and the load of ubiquitinated protein and dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge.

Cell type
a dopamine neuron, astrocyte and microglia tri-culture
Direction
Both arms: public data does not say which way helps.
Molecular readout
proteasome activity and the load of ubiquitinated protein
Functional readout
dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge
Rule-out
If neither arm moves proteasome activity by 20% or more against non-targeting and empty-vector controls, across three independent differentiations, the hypothesis is wrong.
Lab request
CRISPRi knockdown and lentiviral overexpression of UBE2D1 in a tri-culture of iPSC dopamine neurons, astrocytes and microglia; n = 3 differentiations; readouts: proteasome activity and the load of ubiquitinated protein; dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge. Controls: non-targeting guide, empty vector. About 8 to 10 weeks, most of it differentiation.

Sealed predictions

  1. UBE2D1 in dopamine neurons, braak+0.28 (p 0.458) → -0.20 (p 0.613)receipt 4272

Swarm cases

receipt 4272: UBE2D1 in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample -0.00 (p 0.990, n 18), 95% CI -0.47 to +0.46. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.02 (p 0.928, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.05 (p 0.854); controlling for it: +0.02 (p 0.949, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range -0.12 to +0.11, sign flips 9; without severely affected donors -0.00 (p 0.990, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for UBE2D1 in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

Receipts

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