Braak stage 1, 100% of pigmented neurons left
parkinsonconnecting

Gene record

GBA1

glucosylceramidase beta 1

translation score 0.69, read 2026-10-27; 3 sealed predictions, 0 held; 3 receipts.

Six readers

readerfoundscore
genetics
Open Targets
genetic association 0.90 (overall 0.77)0.90
cell type
Human Protein Atlas
expressed broadly, no clear home in brain cells0.40
chemistry
Open Targets
compounds already reach it: afegostat, afegostat tartrate0.90
trials
ClinicalTrials.gov
43 Parkinson's trials, 3 stopped0.94
literature
PubMed
741 Parkinson's papers of 1,042: well-trodden0.13
pathways
Reactome
2 pathways; mostly lysosome and autophagy1.00
proposal for GBA1, translation score 0.69

Knock down and overexpress GBA1 in a dopamine neuron, astrocyte and microglia tri-culture; measure glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity and LC3-II and p62 flux and dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge.

Cell type
a dopamine neuron, astrocyte and microglia tri-culture
Direction
Both arms: public data does not say which way helps.
Molecular readout
glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity and LC3-II and p62 flux
Functional readout
dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge
Rule-out
If neither arm moves glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity by 20% or more against non-targeting and empty-vector controls, across three independent differentiations, the hypothesis is wrong.
Lab request
CRISPRi knockdown and lentiviral overexpression of GBA1 in a tri-culture of iPSC dopamine neurons, astrocytes and microglia; n = 3 differentiations; readouts: glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity and LC3-II and p62 flux; dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge. Controls: non-targeting guide, empty vector. About 8 to 10 weeks, most of it differentiation.

Earlier readings: 2026-10-26 0.69; 2026-10-25 0.69; 2026-10-24 0.69; 2026-10-23 0.69.

Sealed predictions

  1. GBA1 in dopamine neurons, braakn/a → n/areceipt 0521
  2. GBA1 in dopamine neurons, resilience-0.09 (p 0.755) → +0.36 (p 0.179)receipt 0026
  3. GBA1 in dopamine neurons, braak-0.21 (p 0.177) → -0.07 (p 0.670)receipt 0025

In the sealed studies

Swarm cases

receipt 0521: GBA1 in dopamine neurons, braak

cell type
GBA1 is not measured in dopamine neurons; looking elsewhere.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for GBA1 in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

receipt 0026: GBA1 in dopamine neurons, resilience

power
full sample +0.09 (p 0.643, n 55), 95% CI -0.18 to +0.35. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for age, sex and PMI: +0.00 (p 1.000, n 55). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.12 (p 0.542); controlling for it: -0.02 (p 0.916, n 55). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.04 to +0.20, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors +0.01 (p 0.949, n 46). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "differs in resilient donors (Lewy pathology, no parkinsonism)" for GBA1 in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

receipt 0025: GBA1 in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample -0.13 (p 0.252, n 84), 95% CI -0.33 to +0.09. the interval sits on zero: probably nothing there.
confounder
adjusted for age, sex and PMI: -0.08 (p 0.447, n 84). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis -0.72 (p 1.8e-14); controlling for it: -0.02 (p 0.888, n 84). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range -0.16 to -0.10, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors -0.02 (p 0.854, n 75). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for GBA1 in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

Receipts

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