Braak stage 1, 100% of pigmented neurons left
parkinsonconnecting

Gene record

BST1

bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1

translation score 0.66, read 2026-10-27; 1 sealed predictions, 0 held; 1 receipts.

Six readers

readerfoundscore
genetics
Open Targets
genetic association 0.84 (overall 0.54)0.84
cell type
Human Protein Atlas
expressed broadly, no clear home in brain cells0.40
chemistry
Open Targets
a small-molecule pocket0.60
trials
ClinicalTrials.gov
no Parkinson's trials on record: an open field1.00
literature
PubMed
52 Parkinson's papers of 2080.48
pathways
Reactome
3 pathways; mostly energy0.60
proposal for BST1, translation score 0.66

Knock down and overexpress BST1 in a dopamine neuron, astrocyte and microglia tri-culture; measure oxygen consumption rate and ATP output and dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge.

Cell type
a dopamine neuron, astrocyte and microglia tri-culture
Direction
Both arms: public data does not say which way helps.
Molecular readout
oxygen consumption rate and ATP output
Functional readout
dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge
Rule-out
If neither arm moves oxygen consumption rate by 20% or more against non-targeting and empty-vector controls, across three independent differentiations, the hypothesis is wrong.
Lab request
CRISPRi knockdown and lentiviral overexpression of BST1 in a tri-culture of iPSC dopamine neurons, astrocytes and microglia; n = 3 differentiations; readouts: oxygen consumption rate and ATP output; dopamine neuron survival after α-synuclein fibril challenge. Controls: non-targeting guide, empty vector. About 8 to 10 weeks, most of it differentiation.

Earlier readings: 2026-10-26 0.66; 2026-10-25 0.66; 2026-10-24 0.66; 2026-10-23 0.66.

Sealed predictions

  1. BST1 in dopamine neurons, braak-0.14 (p 0.723) → +0.40 (p 0.288)receipt 0163

Swarm cases

receipt 0163: BST1 in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample -0.03 (p 0.922, n 18), 95% CI -0.49 to +0.45. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: -0.03 (p 0.922, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.05 (p 0.854); controlling for it: -0.15 (p 0.555, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range -0.18 to +0.09, sign flips 6; without severely affected donors -0.03 (p 0.922, n 18). fragile.
cell type
strongest in oligodendrocytes: -0.65 (p 0.0034, n 18) vs -0.03 in dopamine neurons. proposing oligodendrocytes.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for BST1 in dopamine neurons.

follow-up registered; not confirmed in substantia nigra, an independent cohort.
follow-up BST1 · oligodendrocytes · braak: substantia nigra, an independent cohort (Parkinson's or LBD vs controls) -0.40 p 0.155 (needs p < 0.0020)

Receipts

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